组织工程皮肤种子细胞的研究进展

Research progress on tissue engineered skin seed cells

组织工程皮肤的研究近年来发展迅速,其基本原理是,取正常皮肤组织通过体外培养足够的细胞数量,将一定量的细胞接种到可降解的支架材料上分化成为具有一定形态和功能的皮肤模型。组织工程皮肤主要包括表皮替代物、真皮替代物及包含真表皮的全层皮肤替代物。全层皮肤模型主要包括三个方面,即种子细胞、可降解的真皮支架材料和体外培养的组织工程皮肤。但是烧伤造成的大面积皮肤缺损组织创伤、先天性巨痣等疾病导致皮肤坏死是一个重要的临床问题,由于自体皮肤供皮部位缺乏迫切需要体外皮肤模型解决这些疑难问题。组织工程皮肤的重要部分之一是种子细胞,现就其相关研究进展进行综述。

Study on skin tissue engineering has developed rapidly in recent years,the basic principle is that of normal skin tissue in vitro by sufficient cell numbers,a certain amount of cells were seeded into scaffolds of biodegradable as skin model has certain morphological and functional differentiation.Tissue engineered skin substitutes contain epidermis substitutes,dermis substitutes,and full skin substitutes.The full layer skin model consists of three main aspects：seed cells,biodegradable dermis scaffolds and tissue engineered skin in vitro.However,skin necrosis caused by burns,such as large skin defects,tissue trauma,congenital giant nevus and other diseases,is an important clinical problem.Due to the lack of skin donor site,the external skin model is urgently needed to solve these difficult problems.One of the most important parts of tissue engineered skin is the seed cells,and the progress of their related research is reviewed.