深圳市罗湖区60岁及以上老年“三高症”患者的中医体质辨识调查

Investigation on the traditional Chinese medicine constitution identification for 60-year-old or older patients with “three high disease” of Luohu District in Shenzhen City

目的调查深圳市罗湖区60岁及以上老年"三高症"(高血压、高血脂、高血糖)患者的中医体质辨识类型。方法采用整群抽样方法,抽取深圳市罗湖区3个街道60岁及以上老年人1246例作为研究对象,于2016年7月1日~2017年11月31日在我院进行健康体检及问卷调查,选取其中的482例老年"三高症"患者进行中医体质辩识调查。结果所调查的482例老年"三高症"患者的中医体质如下:气虚质93例(19.29%)、阳虚质96例(19.92%)、平和质58例(12.03%)、阴虚质52例(10.79%)、气郁质42例(8.71%)、痰湿质41例(8.51%)、特禀质38例(7.88%)、湿热质36例(7.47%)及血瘀质26例(5.39%)。气虚质、阳虚质为老年"三高症"患者的主要中医体质类型,共占39.21%。结论罗湖区60岁及以上老年"三高症"患者的中医体质辨识以气虚质、阳虚质为主要体质类型,辨识体质能为老年"三高症"患者的预防和临床治疗提供有力依据,从而更好提高老年患者的生活质量和延长寿命。

Objective To investgate the traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） constitution types for 60-year-old or older patients with ＂three high disease＂（hyperlipidemia,hypertension and hyperglycemia） of Luohu District in Shenzhen City.Methods Through the cluster sampling methods,a total of 1246 senior citizens aged 60 or older in three streets of Luohu District were selected as subjects.From July 1 st2016 to November 31 st2017,TCM constitution identification surveys were carried out among 482 cases who received the physical examination and questionnaire survey with ＂three high disease＂.Results A total of 482 cases of the TCM constitutions were as follows：93 cases of qi deficiency（19.29%）,96 cases of yang deficiency（19.92%）,58 cases of calm（12.03%）,52 cases of yin deficiency（10.79%）,42 cases of qi stagnation（8.71%）,41 cases of phlegm-dampness（8.51%）,38 cases of special constitution（7.88%）,36 cases of damp-heat（7.47%）,and 26 cases of blood stasis（5.39%）.Constitution of qi deficiency and yang deficiency were the main types of TCM constitution in the ＂three high disease＂ patients,accounting for 39.21%.Conclusion The main types of TCM constitution of the ＂three high disease＂ patients of Luohu District were mainly qi deficiency and yang deficiency.Identification of constitution can provide the reliable basis for the prevention and clinical treatment of elderly patients with ＂three high disease＂,so as to better improve the life quality of elderly patients and extend their life span.