从大学生失业问题争论看民国教育的转型(1928-1937)

On the Transformation of Education in the Republic of China from the Debate on the Problem of College Students' Unemployment (1928-1937)

在新旧之间的民国,中间阶层由传统的绅士阶层过渡到了近代的智识阶层。在这转型时期,社会出现了严重的大学生失业问题,并引发了学界,包括经济学、教育学和社会学在内的三种不同学科视角的观点争论。这种学术讨论促进了新教育的中国化:一方面大批的知识分子积极参与社会建设,另一方面大学主动打破学校与社会之间的壁垒,积极发挥其社会服务功能。

In the old and new Republic, the middle class from the traditional gentleman class transit to the modern intellectual class. During this transitional period, there was a serious problem of unemployment among college students and led to a large discussion of three different disciplines, including economics, pedagogy and sociology. This kind of academic discussion promotes the localization of new education： on the one hand, a large number of intellectuals actively participate in social construction, on the other hand, the university takes the initiative to break the barriers between school and society, and actively play its social service function.