伦理困境中的女性选择:文学伦理学视阈下的《亲爱的生活》

Women's Choice in an Ethical Predicament:A Study of Dear Life from the Perspective of Ethical Literary Criticism

由聂珍钊教授提出的文学伦理学批评,是在借鉴吸收伦理学方法的基础上,融合以往的文学研究方法而形成的文学批评方法,其中,伦理选择、伦理环境和伦理身份是三个重要维度。加拿大女作家艾丽丝(门罗在短篇小说集《亲爱的生活》中,通过"漂流到日本""庇护所"和"多莉"三个短篇故事,直面女性在伦理选择、伦理环境和伦理身份三个方面所遇到的问题,并以独有的细腻笔触对女性的伦理困境进行了深刻剖析,在揭示其迷茫焦虑的同时,又表现出她们做出选择时的巨大勇气和对待生活的积极态度。作品表达的不仅是一个伦理意识不断强化的过程,更是女性通过自我反思从而获得伦理救赎的过程,体现了门罗对女性的人文关怀。

Ethical literary criticism,proposed by Professor Nie Zhenzhao,is a new approach to reading,interpreting and analyzing literature based on ethical methods and literary critical methods.Ethical selection,ethical environment and ethical identity are three important dimensions of ethical literary criticism.Dear Life is Canadian writer Alice Munro＇s latest collection of short stories.In this work, ＂To Reach Japan＂, ＂Haven＂ and ＂Dolly＂ respectively reflect women＇s difficulties when confronted with ethical selection,ethical environment and ethical identity.Munro deeply analyzes women＇s ethical predicaments,explores their inner confusion and anxiety.However,at the same time,Munro displays their courage when having to make a decision and express their positive attitude towards life.DearLifenot only presents a process of women＇s continuously strengthening ethical consciousness,but also shows a process of their ethical redemption after self-reflection,which embodies Munro＇s humanistic care for women.