全身麻醉与单纯强制束缚治疗儿童口腔疾病的效果比较

Comparison of General Anesthesia and Compulsory Restraint for Treatment of Oral Diseases in Children

目的探讨全身麻醉与单纯强制束缚治疗儿童口腔疾病的临床效果。方法将73例口腔疾病患儿按随机数字表法分为A组(n=37)和B组(n=36)。2组均采用常规口腔卫生宣教。在此基础上,A组采用全身麻醉行牙齿治疗术,B组采用单纯强制束缚行牙齿治疗术。观察2组治疗前、治疗后3个月、治疗后2年的菌斑指数评分、儿童口腔健康影响程度量表(ECOHIS)评分和治疗前、治疗后2年口腔健康习惯比例及治疗后2年的效果。结果与同组治疗前比较,2组治疗后3个月菌斑指数、疼痛、心理评分均降低和家庭、生活评分均升高,治疗后2年疼痛、心理评分均降低,家庭、生活评分均升高(均P<0.05);与B组比较,A组治疗后3个月菌斑指数评分和边缘继发龋、新发龋、再发龋发生率均降低(均P<0.05);与A组比较,B组治疗后2年刷牙频率≥2次·d^(-1)、刷牙时间1~3min·次^(-1)所占比例均升高,喝配方奶粉≥1次·d^(-1)、吃膨化食品≥1次·d^(-1)、吃糖果≥1次·d^(-1)所占比例均下降(均P<0.05)。结论与单纯强制束缚治疗相比,在全身麻醉下行儿童口腔疾病治疗的效果更为显著。

Objective To explore the clinical effect of general anesthesia and simple compulsory restraint in the treatment of oral diseases in children.Methods A total of 73 children with oral diseases received oral hygiene publicity and education.In addition,these children were randomly given either general anesthesia（group A,n=37）or simple compulsory shackles（group B,n=36）for dental treatment.Plaque index score and early childhood oral health impact scale（ECOHIS）score were observed before treatment and 3 months and 2 years after treatment.The proportion of children with healthy oral habits was measured before and 2 years after treatment.Results The scores of plaque index,pain and mental state decreased and scores of family and life increased in both groups 3 months after treatment.The pain and mental state scores decreased and family and life scores increased 2 years after treatment（P 〈0.05）.Compared with group B,the score of plaque index and incidences of marginal secondary caries,new caries and recurrent caries decreased in group A 3 months after treatment（P〈0.05）.Compared with group A,the proportions of children with brushing frequency ≥2 times·d^（-1） and brushing time 1-3 min·times^（-1） increased,and the proportions of children drinking formula milk powder and eating puffed food or candy≥1 times·d^（-1） decreased in group B 2 years after treatment（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The effect of simple compulsory shackles is more significant than that of general anesthesia for treating oral diseases in children.