基于港口废水膜生物反应器处理工艺研究

Study on the Treatment Process of Port Wastewater by Membrane Bioreactor

建立了膜生物反应器(MBR)处理港口含油废水。对化学需氧量(COD)、含油量、悬浮物(SS)等污染物的去除效果良好。然而处理不当,会有严重的膜污染发生。研究发现,膜表面的胞外聚合物质(EPS)对跨膜压力(TMP)增量和膜污染具有重要意义。通过提高曝气率和降低Ar/Ad比率(Ar和Ad是隔水管的横截面面积和MBR的下降)来优化MBR。降低了TMP的速度,实验表明通过优化策略可以有效缓解膜污染。通过聚合酶链反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)、克隆和测序16S核糖体核糖核酸(rRNA)片段,对微生物群落的进化进行了监测和分析。结果表明,在整个运行期间发生了低社区转移。此外,还通过其他研究发现,在石油炼制废水MBR或渗透盆地接收公路径流过程中,在MBR系统中一直处于主导地位。在高有机负载率下的运行时间内,有少量物种存在,并可能对目前良好的去除性能负责。

A membrane bioreactor（MBR） was established for the treatment of oily wastewater from port. The removal effect of chemical oxygen demand（COD）, oil content, suspended matter（SS） and other pollutants was good. However, serious membrane fouling occurred if the process did not controlled properly. It＇s found that the extracellular polymeric substance（EPS） on the membrane surface was of great significance to the increase of TMPs and membrane fouling. By increasing aeration rate and reducing Ar/Ad ratio（Ar and Ad are the cross section area of riser and the decrease of MBR）, MBR was optimized, the speed of TMP was reduced. The experiment showed that the optimized strategy effectively mitigated the membrane fouling. By means of aggregation,16 s ribonucleic acid rRNAs were cloned and sequenced by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, and the evolution of microbial communities was monitored and analyzed. The results showed that low community transfer occurred during the whole running period. In addition, through other studies, it＇s found that the MBR system played an important role in the process of treating petroleum refining wastewater and receiving highway runoff. A small number of species existed at high organic loading rates, which was responsible for the good removal performance.