小茴香诱导向日葵列当种子萌发的研究

Study on Sunflower Broomrape(Orobanche cumana Wallr.)Seed Germination Induced by Fennel(Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)

以"割茬小茴香"(Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)为试材,采用水培和盆栽试验方法,研究了小茴香在不同生长周期(2、3、6、7、9、11周)的植株根部、地上部以及根系分泌物的甲醇提取液对向日葵列当(Orobanche cumanaWallr.)种子的萌发刺激作用。结果表明:根、地上部和根系分泌物对向日葵列当种子的萌发刺激作用的高低顺序为根部>地上部>根系分泌物,最高可达92.7%;小茴香生长6周和11周对向日葵列当种子的萌发刺激作用较强,其发芽率最高分别为91.7%、87.9%;盆栽试验结果表明,小茴香不能被向日葵列当寄生。综上所述,小茴香能够诱导对向日葵列当种子的萌发且不被向日葵列当寄生,因此小茴香可以作为向日葵列当种子的"诱捕作物"。

Methanolic extracts of plant tissues（roots and shoots）and rhizosphere soils from fennel of‘Gecha＇varieties（Foeniculum vulgare Mill.）were collected to study their effect on stimulating sunflower broomrape（Orobanche cumanaWallr.）seeds germination by pot and Petri dish experiments at different growth stages（2,3,6,7,9,11 weeks）.The results showed that there was significant difference among fennel growth stages on inducing sunflower broomrape seeds germination.The seeds germination rates induced by methanol extracts of roots（92.7%）were higher than shoots and rhizosphere soils.The fennel samplescollected at 6 and 11 weeks induced higher germination than the other stages,91.7%and 87.9%,respectively.The important thing that fennel cannot be parasitized by sunflowers broomrape.In conclusion,the methanol extracts of fennel roots had significantly high ability to induced seeds germination of sunflower broomrape at the 6 weeks and 11 weeks stages.Fennel was able to induce germination of sunflower seeds and was not abletoparasite on sunflower plants.Therefore,fennel could be used as a trop crop for sunflower broomrape in the devastated crop field,not only can decreased soil seed bank but alsohelps to increasing incomes of farmers.