东北地区农业生产效率测度及影响因素

Measurement of Agricultural Production Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors in Northeast China

运用非参数数据包络分析(DEA)和Malmquist指数测度东北三省36个城市农业部门2000—2015年生产效率及其变化趋势,并对影响农业技术效率和全要素生产率增长的因素进行实证分析。结果表明:东北地区农业投入产出的平均纯技术效率为0.805,农业生产率还有较大提升空间;Malmquist指数分解结果表明,全要素生产率年均增长率为8%的主要源泉是技术进步;农业劳动力受教育水平改善对农业技术效率和全要素生产率增长有促进作用,机械化水平提高有利于东北地区农业全要素生产率增长。

Non-parametric data envelopment analysis（DEA）and Malmquist index were used to measure the production efficiency and its change trend of the agricultural sector in 36 cities in three provinces in Northeast area in China from 2000 to 2015,and empirical analysis was made on the factors affecting the efficiency of agricultural technology and total factor productivity growth.The results showed that the average pure technical efficiency of agricultural inputs and outputs in Northeast China was 0.805,and there was still much room for improvement in agricultural productivity.The Malmquist index decomposition results showed that the main source of annual growth rate of total factor productivity was 8%,which was technological progress.The improvement of the education level of the labor force had an effect on the growth of agricultural technology efficiency and total factor productivity.The increase in the level of mechanization was conducive to the growth of total factor productivity of agriculture in the Northeast area.