自支撑型过渡金属磷化物电催化析氢反应研究

Self-Supporting Transition Metal Phosphides as Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

氢能作为一种零碳排放的清洁能源,主要通过电解水的途径获得。电解水析氢过程所使用的贵金属Pt基催化剂非常稀缺和昂贵,因此开发具有高活性和稳定性的非贵金属催化剂仍然是一个巨大的挑战。自支撑型过渡金属磷化物析氢性能优异,加之有效结合了自支撑基底的诸多优势,有望成为可替代贵金属Pt基催化剂的优良析氢材料。本文详细介绍了自支撑型过渡金属磷化物的研究进展,着重论述了此类型电催化剂的析氢优势及作用机理:(1)自支撑基底3D集成框架导电性较强,可提供大量的电子转移通道,从而加速催化反应进程;(2)自支撑型过渡金属磷化物较大的比表面积将会暴露出更多的活性位点,进而促进催化反应的发生;(3)自支撑型过渡金属磷化物可以直接作为阴极进行析氢反应,避免传统涂覆法中催化剂容易从玻碳电极脱落的弊端。最后,总结了此类型电催化剂用于电解水反应所面临的问题和挑战,并进行了合理的展望。

Hydrogen energy, a zero-carbon emission energy, is mainly produced by water electrolysis.Currently,precious metal Pt is the state-of-the-art electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction（ HER）.However,the high cost and scarcity of Pt limit its wide application. Thus developing non-noble-metal electrocatalysts with high activity and excellent durability in hydrogen evolution reaction is still a great challenge.Self-supporting transition metal phosphides have excellent catalytic activity and stability,which are expected to be an alternative to precious metal Pt-based catalyst for HER. In this paper,the research progress of self-supporting transition metal phosphides is presented in detail. The advantages and mechanism of these electrocatalysts are discussed emphatically ：（ 1） The self-supporting substrate＇s 3D integrated frame with strong conductivity provides lots of channels for transferring electron,thereby accelerating the catalytic reaction process.（ 2） Comparing self-supporting catalysts with others,its greater specific surface and more active sites are critical for catalytic reaction.（ 3） Self-supporting transition metal phosphides can be directly used as cathode for HER,and avoid the trouble that catalysts easily fall off from the glass carbon electrode in traditional coating method.Finally,the prospective and challenges for future development of self-supporting transition metal phosphides for water electrolysis are summarized.