初三年级1240名学生的肺功能检测分析

Investigation and analysis of pulmonary function of students in Grade three of middle school in Jiujiang

目的分析九江市初三学生肺通气功能的现状情况,为学生的素质健康发育提供指导依据。方法选取2015年6月-2017年6月在九江市妇幼保健院院进行健康体检的1 240例初三学生为研究对象。对学生进行常规通气肺功能检测,包括肺活量(VC)、用力肺活量(FVC)、1s用力呼气容积(FEV1)、峰值呼气流速(PEF)、用力呼出气量为25%肺活量时的平均流量(FEF25)、用力呼出气量为50%肺活量时的平均流量(FEF50)、用力呼出气量为75%肺活量时的平均流量(FEF75)、最大呼气中段流量(MMEF)和肺功能评分。比较不同年份、年龄、性别及体重指数(BMI)的学生的肺功能。结果 2015-2017年学生的肺功能各指标均不同程度降低(P<0.05)。随着年龄的增加,学生的肺功能各指标均有不同程度增高(P<0.05)。男生的肺功能普遍高于女生(P<0.05)。BMI为18.5~24.9kg/m2学生的肺功能高于BMI<18.5kg/m2和BMI>24.9kg/m2的学生(P<0.05),BMI<18.5kg/m2的学生其FVC、FEV1和FEF75高于BMI>24.9kg/m2(P<0.05),两组其余肺功能相当(P>0.05)。结论同年龄段学生的肺功能每年呈降低趋势,年龄越高,肺功能升高,男生的肺功能高于女生,超重或偏瘦学生的肺功能较低。初三学生应加强体育锻炼以增加其肺通气功能。

Objective To analyze the pulmonary function of students in Grade three of middle school in Jiujiang,in order to provide basis for health education to students. Methods A total of 1 240 students in Grade three of middle school who took physical examination in Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Jiujiang from June 2015 to June 2017 were selected into this study.Pulmonary function including vital capacity（VC）,forced vital capacity（FVC）,forced expiratory volume in 1 second（FEV1）,peak expiratory flow rate forced expiratory flow（PEF）,forced expiratory flow 25（FEF25）,forced expiratory flow 50（FEF50）,forced expiratory flow 75（FEF75）and maximal mid-expiratory flow（MMEF）were assessed and compared among different year,age,gender and body mass index（BMI）groups. Results Pulmonary function of students decreased from 2015 to 2017（P〈0.05）.Pulmonary function increased with the increase of age（P〈0.05）.Male students generally had higher level of lung function than female ones（P〈0.05）.In terms of BMI,pulmonary function was higher in group of 18.5～24.9 kg/m2 than that in groups of BMI under 18.5 kg/m2 and over 24.9 kg/m2（both P〈0.05）.The FVC,FEV1 and FEF75 of the group with BMI under 18.5 kg/m2 were higher than those of group with BMI over 24.9 kg/m2,while other lung function parameters between the two groups had no significant differences（P〈0.05）. Conclusions Pulmonary function of students tends to decrease year over year.Children who are older,male have higher pulmonary function.While pulmonary function of the overweight or underweight students is lower than that of the normal ones.Therefore,students are suggested to strengthen their physical activities in order to improve their pulmonary function.