铜陵市学龄前儿童电子产品暴露情况调查

Survey on exposure to electronic devices of preschool children in Tongling city

目的了解铜陵市学龄前儿童电子产品的暴露现况及影响因素,为电子产品合理使用提供科学依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,2017年12月通过问卷对铜陵市10所幼儿园1 914名学龄前儿童进行回顾性研究方法调查,收集相关的人口学特征信息、出生史、家庭情况、电子产品暴露时间、父母态度等。使用χ2检验和Logistic回归模型对数据进行分析。结果共获得有效问卷1 817份,其中男童981人、女童836人。学龄前儿童电子产品暴露类型以电视最多,为91.7%;使用2种以上类型的为81.3%。暴露目的顺位依次是:看动画片(86.3%)、听歌或故事(54.8%)、玩游戏(33.9%)、使用学习软件(16.8%)。玩游戏多见于男童,女童则倾向于听歌听故事,不同性别间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年龄段儿童在听歌听故事、玩游戏、使用学习软件的目的上有差异(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,电子产品暴露时间>2h的危险因素有母亲学历、双胎、袓辈带养、父亲喝酒。结论铜陵市学龄前儿童电子产品暴露现象相当普遍,应全社会参与、医教结合,家长监督。在制订干预措施时需考虑性别、年龄、母亲文化程度、带养人等因素。

Objective To understand the current situation and possible influencing factors of exposure to electronic devices in preschool children in Tongling city,in order to provide scientific basis for the rational use of electronic devices.Methods A total of 1 914 preschool children from 10 kindergartens in Tongling city were retrospectively investigated by a random cluster sampling method in December 2017.Demographic information,birth history,family status,exposure duration to electronic products,parental attitudes and more were collected.Data were analyzed by theχ2 test and Logistic regression model. Results Totally 1 817 valid questionnaires were obtained,of which 981 were boys and 836 were girls.Television（91.7%）was the most common type of preschool children′s electronic devices.81.3% of children used more than two types of electronic devices.The order of using electronic devices was as following：watching animation（86.3%）,listening to songs or stories（54.8%）,playing games（33.9%）and using learning software（16.8%）.Playing games were more common in boys,and listening to songs or stories were more common in girls（P〈0.05）.Listening to songs or stories,playing games and using learning software among different age groups were significantly different（P〈0.05）.Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of exposure to electronic devices more than 2 hours in different periods were mother′s literacy level,twins,elder caregivers and father drinking. Conclusions Electronic devices exposure in preschool children in Tongling city is quite prevalent.So participation of the whole society,cooperation between medical staff and educators,and supervision by parents are necessary.Also,factors on gender,age,mother′s literacy level and main caregivers should be considered when relevant intervention methods are made.