2014-2017年海南省监测点伤害监测结果分析

Analysis of injury surveillance in Hainan during 2014-2017

目的了解2014-2017年海南省监测点伤害流行状况,为制定伤害干预措施和预防控制策略提供依据。方法采用全国伤害监测报告卡,对海南省6家哨点医院因伤害就诊患者进行面对面询问调查,数据采用Excel2010和SPSS17.0软件进行统计分析。结果 2014-2017年海南省共收集报告卡34 578张,其中男性23 215人,女性11 363人,各年龄组报告病例中以18~44岁的中青年组最多。前五位的伤害原因分别为跌倒/坠落(26.89%)、刀/锐器伤(16.03%)、机动车车祸(15.81%)、钝器伤(13.71%)和非机动车车祸(11.13%);伤害发生时间以10月份为最高(3 888例);伤害事件发生地点主要为公路/街道(32.47%)、家中(27.47%)、公共居住场所(11.38%)、工业建筑场所(9.02%);伤害发生时的活动主要为驾乘交通工具(24.90%)、休闲活动(19.81%)和工作(12.32%);伤害发生意图主要是非故意的意外事故,占88.24%。伤害受伤部位主要集中在头部(26.59%)、下肢(24.74%)和上肢(19.83%);所有伤害事件中,67.40%的伤害为轻度伤害(男性65.90%,女性70.47%)。伤害结局主要为经治疗后离院(66.26%)。结论海南省伤害发生情况不容乐观,应有针对性的制定防制措施,切实减少各类伤害发生。

Objective To understand epidemic status of injuries in Hainan from 2014 to 2017, and then provide evidence for the establishment of injury intervention and prevention and control strategies. Methods Data were collected by face-to-face inquiries using national injury surveillance report card from 6 sentinel hospitals in Hainan Province. We analyzed these data by Excel and SPSS software. Results A total of 34 578 report cards were collected in Hainan Province from 2014 to 2017, of which 23 215 were males and the rest 11 363 were females. Among all the reported cases, the people aged 18-44 years were the most. The top 5 leading injury causes were fall（26.89%）, sharp instrument injury（16.03%）, motor vehicle accident（15.81%）, blunt instrument injury（13.71%） and non-motor vehicle accident（11.13%）. The happening time of injuries peaked in October（3 888 cases）. The locations of injuries were road/street（32.47%）, home（27.47%）, public residence（11.38%）, and industrial buildings（9.02%）. The main activities at the time of injury were riding a vehicle（24.90%）, leisure activities（19.81%） and work（12.32%）. The intention of injury was mainly unintentional injury, accounting for 88.24%. Injuries were mainly located in the head（26.59%）, lower limbs（24.74%） and upper limbs（19.83%）. Among all the injuries, 67.40% of the injuries were mild injuries（65.90%for males and 70.47% for females）. The main injury outcome was discharge after treatment, which accounted for66.26%. Conclusion The injury situation in Hainan is not optimistic. Targeted prevention measures should be proposed to effectively reduce the occurrence of injuries.