湖南重要河湖生态基流及敏感生态需水现状评价

Ecological base flow of important rivers and lakes in Hunan Province and evaluation on ecological water demand status in sensitive areas

为协调生产、生活、生态之间的用水关系,在湖南省洞庭湖水系主要河流(湖泊)选取生态基流(水位)和敏感生态需水断面,对其生态需水满足状况进行评价。根据实测及现场收集资料,在充分考虑湖南省主要河段重要控制断面及湖南省各主要流域、区域气候和水文特点的基础上,拟定了湖南省36个重要河湖生态基流、生态水位控制断面,8个重要河湖敏感生态需水控制断面来计算生态基流及敏感生态需水。计算结果表明:36个控制断面生态基流总体基本可以满足;8个典型河段敏感生态需水方面,柘溪水库、沅江常德段生态需水满足程度为优,东洞庭湖、西洞庭湖、南洞庭湖、湘江衡阳段、湘江湘潭段生态需水满足较好,生态需水为良好,但索溪水库的生态需水满足程度评价结果为劣。

To coordinate the relations of water use among production,living and ecology,the ecological base flow（ level） and sensitive ecological water demand cross-sections of the main river（ lake） system in Hunan Province are selected and the satisfaction conditions of ecological water demand are assessed. According to the measured and collected data in site,on the full consideration of the characteristics of important controlling cross-sections,regional and basin climate and hydrological conditions,36 cross-sections of ecological base flow and 8 sensitive ecological water demand cross-sections on the important rivers or lakes are determined and the ecological base flow and sensitive water demands are calculated. The analysis results show that 36 control cross-sections of ecological base flow meet the ecological base flow demand in general. As for the sensitive ecological water demand,the satisfaction degrees of Zhexi reservoir and Changde reach of the Yuanshui River are excellent; East Dongting Lake,West Dongting Lake,South Dongting Lake,Hengyang and Xiangtan reaches on the Xiangjiang River are good; Suoxi reservoir is bad.