综合护理干预治疗骨质疏松症腰背痛的疗效分析

Therapeutic effects of comprehensive nursing intervention on low back pain due to osteoporosis

目的对综合护理干预在骨质疏松症腰背痛患者中的应用效果进行探讨。方法选取2016年1月至2017年12月就诊并接受治疗的骨质疏松症患者90例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组45例。对照组采用常规护理措施,观察组在常规护理基础上采用综合护理干预,比较2组疼痛程度、疼痛缓解时间、骨折发生情况及护理前后疼痛视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)和血清骨代谢指标变化。结果与对照组比较,观察组轻度例数所占百分比明显升高,中度和重度例数所占百分比及骨折发生率明显降低,疼痛缓解时间明显缩短,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组护理前VAS评分、ODI评分及血清25-羟维生素D[25(OH)D]、Ⅰ型前胶原氨基端前肽(PINP)、Ⅰ型胶原羧基端肽(β-CTX)水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组护理后VAS评分、ODI评分及血清PINP、β-CTX水平均较护理前明显降低,25(OH)D水平均较护理前明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),且观察组改善程度优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论骨质疏松症腰背痛患者采用综合护理干预疗效确切,能够明显缓解疼痛及功能障碍程度,并改善骨代谢指标,值得临床推广。

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of comprehensive nursing intervention on low back pain due to osteoporosis. Methods Ninety patients with osteoporosis who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January2016 to December 2017 were randomly divided into observation group（ n = 45） and control group（ n = 45）. The patients in control group were treated by conventional nursing,whereas those in observation group were given comprehensive nursing interventions on the basis of conventional nursing. The pain degree,pain relief time,the incidence of early bone fracture,visual analogue scale（ VAS）,the Oswestry disability index（ ODI） and bone metabolism indexes of the patients were observed and compared between two groups. Results As compared with that in control group,the percentage of mild cases in observation group was significantly increased,while the percentage of moderate and severe cases as well as the incidence of early bone fracture were significantly decreased,and the pain relief time was markedly shortened（ P 〈 0. 05）. Before nursing,there were no significant difference in VAS scores,ODI scores and serum levels of 25（ OH） D,PINP and β-CTX between the two groups（ P 〉 0. 05）. After nursing,the VAS scores,ODI scores and serum levels of PINP and β-CTX in observation group were significantly decreased,however,the levels of 25（ OH） D in observation group were significantly increased（ P 〈 0. 05）.Moreover,the improvement degree in observation group was more significant than that in coutrol group（ P 〈 0. 05）.Conclusions Comprehensive nursing is quite effective in relieving low back pain, improving the function and bone metabolism indexes in patients with osteoporosis,which is worth using widely in clinical practice.