无灌输的教育:全球公民理想与伦理挑战（英文）

Education Without Indoctrination: The Ideal and Challenge of Ethical Training for Global Citizenship

本文客观地论述了五种伦理体系的优点与缺点：神命论、功利主义、道义论、美德伦理学以及世界大同主义。我认为,每一种伦理学理论都经不起批判,由安东尼·维姆·阿皮亚和其他伦理学家一起提出的全球伦理对其对手的批判要求更高,因为不可能指望每个人都成为世界大同主义的支持者。尽管有批判的基础,我还是建议把世界大同主义当作从全球视角出发解决经济不平等问题的最好方法。通过借用罗尔斯正义理论,我认为,全球大同主义伦理思想给我们提供了很好的方法,让我们可以较好地解决世界公正问题。

My paper addresses the objective weaknesses and strengths of five different approaches to ethics： divine command theory, utilitarianism, deontology, virtue-based ethics, and cosmopolitanism.I suggest that each ethical theory is vulnerable to different particular types of criticism and claim that recent approaches of cosmopolitan ethics by Anthony Kwame Appiah and others demand more from their proponents intellectually. This demand makes it unrealistic to expect everyone to become a proponent of cosmopolitanism. In spite of this ground for criticism, I suggest that cosmopolitanism is still the best equipped to engage issues of economic inequality from a global perspective. By drawing on elements of Rawls theory of justice I claim that cosmopolitan ethics furnish us with the best tools for addressing the concept of world justice.