矿工大五人格特质对煤矿险兆事件上报的影响

Influence of miners' big-five personality trait on coal mine near-miss reporting

为探讨矿工大五人格特质对煤矿险兆事件上报行为的影响关系,采用中国大五人格问卷简式版和煤矿险兆事件上报量表对陕西地区3所煤矿的329名矿工进行测量。运用SPSS21.0软件对其信效度和相关性进行分析,在此基础上采用多元回归分析研究矿工大五人格特质对煤矿险兆事件上报行为的预测作用,同时考查不安全心理在二者之间的中介作用。结果显示,宜人性人格对险兆事件上报行为(β=0.27,p<0.05)具有显著的正向影响;尽责感人格对险兆事件上报行为(β=0.31,p<0.05)具有显著的正向影响;神经质人格对煤矿险兆事件上报行为(β=-0.29,p<0.05)具有显著的负向影响;外倾性和开放性人格对煤矿险兆事件上报行为不具有影响作用;不安全心理在神经质、宜人感、尽责感3个维度和险兆事件上报行为的关系中起到中介作用。在险兆事件的管理过程中,煤矿可以进行矿工人格特质和岗位匹配度检验,并针对不同的人格特质采取干预手段,消除矿工不安全心理状态,提高险兆事件的上报率,提升煤矿安全管理水平。

In order to investigate the influential relationship between the big-five personality trait and coal mine near-miss reporting behavior,329 coal miners who belong to the 3 coal mines of Shaanxi area were measured using the Chinese big-five personality inventory and the coal mine near-miss report survey. Using the SPSS 21. 0 software we analyzed the validity and correlation of the above two questionnaire. On this basis,we used multiple regression analysis to study the prediction effect of miners＇ bigfive personality trait on near-miss reporting behavior and to examine the mediating effects of unsafe psychology between the two. The results show that conscientiousness（ β = 0. 31,p 0. 05） and agreea-bleness（ β = 0. 27,p 0. 05） personality traits have positive prediction function to near-miss reporting behavior,neuroticism（ β =-0. 29,p 0. 05） personality trait has negative prediction function to nearmiss reporting behavior,extraversion and openness personality traits have no prediction function to near-miss reporting behavior and unsafe psychology plays a fully mediating role in the relationship between the 3 dimensions of neuroticism,agreeableness,conscientiousness and the near-miss reporting behavior. The coal mines can test the matching degree of personality traits and job positions,and take interventions in miners different personality traits. By adopting these two methods,we can eliminate the unsafe psychological state of miners,raise the reporting rate of near-miss and improve the level of safety management.