和平、发展与国际贸易（英文）

Peace,Development and International Trade

国际贸易是促进经济增长、减少贫困以及维护国与国之间和平关系的重要工具.我们不能直接认定自由贸易与经济发展之间有直接关系.大多数发达国家以贸易保护主义政策为基础达到了目前的发展水平,由静态比较优势所产生的国家专业化会给专门致力于农产品和粗放原材料生成的国家带来有害的国际劳动分工.在制造技术的进步提升了收入水平的同时,食品和原材料生产的进步却导致其价格降低,进而导致世界资本主义体系的中心国家和边缘国家之间在贸易关系上的恶化趋势.为了使全球贸易能为所有人带来利益,需要对目前的国际贸易规则做出深刻改变.最重要的是需要发达国家开放农产品贸易,消除扭曲国际市场价格的农业补贴,并使贫穷国家的农产品不再对无数小农场主,尤其是对非洲小农场主的生存构成威胁.

International trade can be an important tool for economic growth, poverty reduction and strengthening of peaceful relations between countries. We cannot conclude that there is a direct relationship between free trade and economic development. Most developed countries reached the current level of development based on protectionist policies. The specialization of countries according to their static comparative advantages could lead to an international division of labor harmful to countries that specialize in the production of agricultural products and raw materials. While in manufacturing technological advances translate into higher incomes, the same progress in the production of food and raw materials translates into lower prices thus leading to a secular trend of deteriorating terms of trade between the Centre and the Periphery of the world capitalist system. In order for global trade can generate benefits for all are required profound changes in the current rules of international trade. Among them stands out the need for openness of developed countries on trade in agricultural products and the elimination of agricultural subsidies that distort prices in international markets and make it impossible to agricultural production in poorer countries threatening the survival of millions of small farmers, especially in Africa.