神经胶质瘤中microRNA的研究进展

Research Progress of MicroRNA in Gliomas

microRNA(miRNA)是一种长度很小的非编码RNA,一般来说它的长度在19~25个核苷酸左右。它的基因的调节主要通过作用于靶mRNA的3'UTR区域完成,并影响各种细胞过程。最近的研究表明,miRNA与癌症密切相关,其通过调节其相应的靶基因来调节肿瘤的形成和发展。对肿瘤中异常表达的miRNA的研究不仅能够准确诊断肿瘤,而且为癌症的治疗提供了一种新的有效策略。胶质瘤是临床常见的恶性颅内肿瘤,具有侵袭性,临床难以实现完全切除,预后差的患者。miRNA在神经胶质瘤的发展和进展中起重要作用。鉴定与胶质瘤相关的miRNA及其相关作用机制和靶点将为脑胶质瘤的诊断和治疗开辟新的机遇。该文综述了一些miRNA和基于miRNA的胶质瘤在胶质瘤诊断和治疗中的进展。

MicroRNA（miRNA） is a non-coding RNA of very small length, generally about 19-25 nucleotides in length. The regulation of its genes is mainly accomplished by acting on the 3’UTR region of the target m RNA and affecting various cellular processes. Recent studies have shown that mi RNAs are closely related to cancers, which regulate the formation and development of tumors by regulating their corresponding target genes. The study of abnormally expressed mi RNAs in tumors not only accurately diagnoses tumors, but also provides a new and effective strategy for the treatment of cancer. Glioma is a common malignant intracranial tumor that is invasive. It is difficult to achieve complete resection in patients with poor prognosis. mi RNAs play an important role in the development and progression of gliomas. Identification of mi RNA-related miRNAs and their related mechanisms of action and targets will open new opportunities for the diagnosis and treatment of gliomas. This article reviews the progress of mi RNAs and mi RNA-based gliomas in the diagnosis and treatment of gliomas.