四溴联苯醚慢性胁迫对大泷六线鱼血液生化指标的影响

Effects of tetra-brominated diphenyl ethers stress on the plasma biochemical index of Hexagrammos otakii

四溴联苯醚(BDE-47)常用作阻燃剂,是水环境中常见的持久性有机污染物。本研究以大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)为研究对象,探究不同浓度的BDE-47慢性胁迫6周后对其血液生化指标的影响。本研究共设置7组:5ng/L(A组)、50 ng/L(B组)、500 ng/L(C组)、5μg/L(D组)、50μg/L(E组)以及空白对照组和二甲基亚砜(DMSO)组,以7个生化指标作为评估指示物。结果表明:不同浓度BDE-47慢性胁迫会对大泷六线鱼的血液生化指标造成不同程度影响。除碱性磷酸酶(AKP)指标,其余指标空白对照组和DMSO对照组无明显差异(P<0.05),说明DMSO不影响BDE-47毒理效应的分析。与两对照组相比,7个指标未表现出显著的时间效应和剂量效应关系。随着胁迫时间的延长,500 ng/L组对7个指标的影响最明显,其中血糖(GLU)受各浓度影响最明显。随着胁迫浓度的增加,第4周各指标波动最大,其中第2周和第4周GLU受影响最大。第1和3周,随着BDE-47胁迫浓度的升高总蛋白呈现先降低后升高趋势,且在第1周表现最为明显;而白蛋白在各浓度BDE-47组中变化无明显规律。总胆红素第1~4周各浓度组差异不显著(P>0.05),但第6周各实验组变化差异明显高于第5周(P<0.05)。不同浓度BDE-47实验组中尿素含量随时间延长呈降低趋势。AKP活性随时间延长均呈现显著升高的趋势(P<0.05),而乳酸脱氢酶则在3~5周变化较为明显。通过主成分分析C组和4周胁迫条件下,7个生化指标提取特征值,发现GLU是其中最具有代表的指标。因此,GLU在浓度和时间维度上是7个生化指标中最敏感的,可以作为评价该鱼类对所在BDE-47环境影响的潜在指示物。本研究将为进一步完善BDE-47暴露对鱼类的安全性评价提供依据。

Tetra-brominated diphenyl ethers（ BDE – 47） commonly used as flame retardant is a persistent organic pollutant in water environment. This study was used Hexagrammos otakii to evaluate the impact of its plasma biochemical indexes under BDE-47 ether chronic stress with various concentrations. In the present study,7 groups were set up,indices 5 ng/L（ Group A）,50 ng/L（ Group B）,500 ng/L（ Group C）,5 μg/L（ Group D）,50 μg/L（ Group E）,as well as the blank control group and the dimethyl sulfoxide（ DMSO） control group to calibrate,7 biochemical indices were applied as indicators for the degree of injury. The results showed that their serum biochemical indices of Hexagrammos otakii varied from concertation of BDE-47 chronic stress to concertation. Apart from the activity of alkaline phosphatase（ AKP）,other indices had no significant difference between control group and DMSO group,which indicating DMSO was a non-relevant factor for the evaluation of BDE-47 with toxicity testing. Compared with 2 control,7 indices were not shown significantly time-response and dose-response relationship. With the prolonged exposure,the marked changes of 7 indices were observed in Group C,especially for plasma glucose（ GLU）. With the increase in the content of BDE-47,the significant changes of 7 indices were found at a period of 4 ^（th）week,especially for GLU at a period of 2 ndor 4 ^（th）week. Increased contents of BDE-47 induced the decrease first and then increase in the total protein content,which was various at a period of 1 stweek. The albumin content remained nevertheless irregular. In the comparison with the value of total bilirubin at a period of 1 ^（st）-4 ^（th）week with non-significant difference,those at a period of 6 thweek were significantly different among various groups and better than those at a period of 5 th week（ P 0. 05）. The content of urea in serum showed a decrease trend with the period of time. AKP activity was increased with the prolonged exposure; moreover,the lactate dehydrogenase showed a significant change at a period of3 ^（th）-5 ^（th）weeks. The principal component analysis was used for extracting important variables from a data set under the condition of Group C at a period of 4 ^（th）week and GLU was the largest eigenvalue of the matrix. Therefore,GLU as the most representative factor among 7 indices might be performed as a potential indicator for the evaluation of the degree of BED-47 pollution. These data could provide a basis for improving the safety risk evaluation method of BDE-47 in the future.