马拉色菌在特应性皮炎患者皮损区和非皮损区定植情况的研究

Study on the Colonization of Malassezia in the Lesion and Non-lesion Skin Areas of Patients with Atopic Dermatitis

目的探讨马拉色菌在特应性皮炎(atopic dermatitis,AD)患者面部、上肢、背部皮损区和非皮损区的定植情况。方法选取2016年3—5月四川大学华西医院皮肤科门诊或住院就诊的AD患者共28例,提取28例AD患者面部、上肢、背部皮损区和非皮损区及23例健康对照者相应区域皮肤鳞屑中马拉色菌DNA,经实时荧光定量PCR检测马拉色菌拷贝数,分析马拉色菌定植情况及其与病情严重程度的相关性。结果 AD患者面部皮损区、非皮损区马拉色菌拷贝数明显高于上肢、背部皮损区和非皮损区(P<0.05),AD患者各部位马拉色菌拷贝数与湿疹面积及严重度指数(eczema area and severity index,EASI)评分无相关性(P>0.05),AD患者各部位球形马拉色菌和限制马拉色菌占比合计达80%以上。结论 AD患者皮肤马拉色菌含量与部位有关,与病情严重程度无关,球形马拉色菌和限制马拉色菌是AD患者各部位的优势菌种。

Objective To explore the colonization of Malassezia on the lesion and non-lesion skin areas of the faces, limbs and backs of the patients with atopic dermatitis （AD）. Methods A total of 28 AD cases including the outpatients and inpatients treated in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from March to May of 2016 were selected into the study. The DNA of Malassezia was extracted from the skin scales of the lesion and non-lesion skin areas on the faces, limbs and backs of those patients and from those of the corresponding areas of the other 23 healthy control subjects. The copy numbers of Malassezia were detected by Real-Time PCR. The colonization of Malassezia was analyzed and the correlation between the copy numbers of Malassezia and the disease severity was identified. Results The copy numbers of Malassezia in the lesion and nonlesion skin areas of the AD patients＇ faces were significantly higher than those of their limbs and backs （ P 〈0.05）. The copy numbers of Malassezia in each part of the AD patients were not correlated with the scores of eczema area and severity index （EASI） （ P 〉0.05）. The proportion of M. globosa and M. restricta in each part of the AD patients amounted to more than 80%. Conclusion The content of Malassezia in the skin of AD patients is related to the site and unrelated to the disease severity. M. globosa and M. restricta are the dominant species in each part of AD patients.