抽油杆柔性减磨器的研制与应用

Development and application of flexible sucker rod anti-attrition unit

冀东油田近年来采用多种防偏磨技术并取得一定效果,但大斜度抽油泵井的检泵周期短、作业和材料更换成本增加的问题仍然很严重。通过建立抽油杆杆柱的力学模型进行受力分析研究,用柔性抽油杆取代常规抽油杆可减小杆柱所承受的摩擦力,进而研制了抽油杆柔性减磨器,该工具的上下2部分可以做小角度的相对转动。通过在抽油杆杆柱上加入抽油杆柔性减磨器,使杆柱在运动过程中与油管管柱轴线方向保持一致,减轻了杆管蹩劲现象,减小了抽油杆所受到的摩擦力。现场应用结果表明,该技术应用300 d,偏磨损坏的油管和抽油杆的长度由原先的各200 m分别减少到0.15 m、0 m,大幅度减少抽油机井杆管偏磨及因偏磨导致的检泵作业次数及作业和材料更换费用。

In recent years, many anti-eccentric wear technologies have made some achievements in Jidong Oilfield. In the highly deviated wells with sucker rod pump, however, the pump inspection cycle is short and the operation and material replacement cost are high. To solve these serious problems, the mechanics model of rock rod string was established to analyze the force. It is shown that the friction applied on the sucker rod string can be reduced by replacing the conventional sucker rod with the flexible sucker rod. Then, the flexible sucker rod anti-attrition unit was developed. Its upper and lower parts can rotate relatively within a small angle. After the flexible sucker rod anti-attrition unit is installed on the sucker rod string, the sucker rod string is accordant to the axial direction of tubing string in the process of movement, and consequently the conflict between the sucker rod and the tubing is alleviated and the friction applied on the sucker rod is reduced. Field application results show that after its technology is applied for 300 days, the tubing and the sucker rod are shortened by 0.15 m and 0 m, respectively from the original length of 200 m due to eccentric wear. It is indicated that the eccentric wear of sucker rod and tubing and the pump inspection frequency and operation and material replacement cost caused by the eccentric wear are reduced significantly.