“心”的本体性、根本性与前在性——心智哲学视域下“心”之地位探析

On the Noumenon, Fundamentality and Preceding Nature of Mind(Xin): Exploration and Analysis of the Status of Mind(Xin) in the Horizon of Philosophy of Mind

心智哲学将心智(心)作为哲学关注的对象,把它置于语言、世界之前的本体性、前在性、根本性位置。之所以如此,主要是因为:(1)"心"是主体活动的前提或基础;(2)人所生活的世界是"心"建构的结果 ;(3)"心"是人的根本性存在,使人成为人;(4)从认识视域看,"心"是主体所认识到的事物的前提或基础。心智哲学这样做的目的主要是:关注人的存在,尤其是生命的意义,进而重视生命、关注生命。而人的存在是"心"的作用使然;人所存在的世界是"心"作用的世界;"心"决定人的存在状况与命运。

The philosophy of mind takes mind（Xin） as the subject of attention for philosophy and places it in ontological, preceding and fundamental position before language and the world mainly because：（1） the mind（Xin） is the premise and foundation of subjective activities;（2） the world people living in is the result constructed by the mind（Xin）;（3） the mind（Xin） is the fundamental existence of human being and the reason behind the creature as human being;（4） the mind（Xin） is the main premise and foundation for the subject to recognize objects from the cognitive perspective. The purpose of philosophy of mind in doing so is mainly to pay attention to the human existence, especially the meaning of life, and then to attach great importance to life and tend to it. The existence of human being is the product of the role of mind（Xin）, and the world human being living in is the world the mind（Xin） acts upon and the mind（Xin） determines the condition of human existence and the fate of human being.