美国社会工作之“大挑战”:解读与启示

The Grand Challenges for Social Work in the United States: Interpretation and Enlightenment

美国社会工作面对着全球化、信息科技、不平等加剧、老龄化、儿童发展、弱势群体、社会隔离、医疗低效、监管成本等外部环境变化和内部社会矛盾累积的压力,推出"社会工作大挑战"是社会需求"自下而上"传导压力的结果,也是促进社会工作实践发展、创造社会职业、实现公众理想的一个行动契机。"大挑战"启示我们要明察现阶段因时代发展、社会变迁和特殊国情而带给中国社会工作的复杂局面和高度挑战,并构建"自下而上"的需求传递机制和"自上而下"的发展引领机制。

This paper introduces the background and concepts of the twelve ＂Grand Challenges for Social Work＂ in the United States. Social work in the United States is facing the challenge of globalization, information technology, inequality, aging, child development, vulnerable groups, social isolation, medical inefficiency, regulatory costs and other external environmental changes and internal social contradictions. The development of the Grand Challenges is the result of the＂bottom-up＂pressure transmission of social work needs.It is also an opportunity to promote the development of social work practice,create social occupations,and realize the public ideal.In addition,the Grand Challenges helps to perceive the current complicated social situations,and construct the＂bottom-up＂demand transfer mechanism and the＂top-down＂development leading mechanism.This paper also discusses the enlightenments and the potential challenges for Chinese social work.