网络舆论生态系统评估指标体系建构研究

Study of Construction of Evaluation Index System for the Online Public Opinion Eco-system

网络舆论危机频繁爆发给社会的稳定带来影响,网络舆论带来的社会风险成为国家层面和学者共同关心的问题。为了更好地预测网络舆论危机,应构建网络舆论生态系统评估指标体系。该指标体系共有网络舆论信息资源、网络舆论信息主体、网络舆论信息无机环境和网络舆论信息社会环境4个一级指标,下设14个二级指标及42个三级指标。由其权重可以发现,舆论信息主体在风险评估与治理的过程中是最为重要的因素,尤其是具有权威身份与专业属性的信息生产者;涉及公共安全、民生等迫切的生理需求的信息更易引发舆论风险;信息挖掘技术要素在网络舆论生态系统中的重要性高于媒介要素本身;有强制性与针对性的网络立法能更有效地控制网络舆论危机。这些发现与前人研究注重网络信息的观点存在一定出入,为网络舆论风险研究的深化与发展提供了新的思路,也为相关管理部门对网络舆论风险进行评估与治理提供决策依据。

China today is in a risk society. The crisis of network public opinion frequently erupts,and has an impact on the stability of society and the tranquility of people's lives. In order to better predict and prevent network public opinion crisis,strengthen risk society of network management,this paper brings principle and concept of ecology to network public opinion research,trying to clarify the network public opinion on the basis of the concept of ecological system,constructing ecosystem assessment index system of network public opinion. There are 4 first-level indicators,the index system of network public opinion respectively,network information resources,network public opinion information subject information of organic and inorganic environment public opinion.There are 14 secondary indicators under the four primary indicators,among which the secondary indicators under the network public opinion information resources are information content,information nature,information heat,information transmission direction,etc. The secondary indicators under the main body of network public opinion information include information producers,information disseminators,information consumers,information decomposers and information regulators.Under the organic environment of network public opinion information,there are mining technology and information media. The secondary indicators of inorganic environment include network legislation,supervision of network public opinion and social morality. The 14 secondary indicators are divided into42 tertiary indicators. In the building after the completion of the indicators,this article uses the Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process(ahp) to calculate the weights of every index,evaluates the ecological system running status and risk network public opinion,help the related administrative departments identificate and evaluate the risk of network public opinion and provide decision basis.