裁判规则下婚恋纠纷死刑限制适用问题研究

Application restrictions for the death penalty for intentional homicides induced by marriage disputes

处于社会转型时期,我国社会矛盾日益突出,其中因婚恋纠纷所引发的故意杀人案呈现上升趋势,在故意杀人案件中占有较大的比重。此类案件由于犯罪行为的社会危害性、犯罪人的人身危险性和改造可能性以及刑罚目的3个方面均有别于其他类型的故意杀人案,其适用规则应在有机结合三者的基础上予以类型化规制,具体包括通常规则和例外规则两个方面。通常规则下,对于因婚恋纠纷引起的故意杀人案件,原则上不适用死刑立即执行。具体而言,对于酌定从轻情节与法定从轻情节竞合的情形,排除死刑适用;对于法定从轻情节与法定从重情节竞合的情形,摒弃死刑立即执行。在符合通常规则的情况下,需进一步检视例外规则,对于犯罪手段极其恶劣、犯罪后果特别严重的,法定从轻情节不能作为排除死刑立即执行的条件。

The transitional period of China has led to more serious social contradictions,of which intentional homicides induced by marriage disputes account for a large proportion.The social harmfulness,the personal risk factors,the possibility of transforming the criminals,and the purpose of the criminal punishment for intentional homicides induced by marriage disputes are different from those of other homicides.The application rules or laws should include general rules and special rules.Generally,the death penalty with immediate execution is not applicable to the former.In particular,the application of the death penalty shall be ruled out when a lenient punishment through discretionary and legal consideration is accepted,so is the case of the concurrence of a lenient punishment and a severe punishment.In accord with the rules of criminal cases,it is necessary to further examine the special rules.Those cruel criminals with serious consequences should not be excluded from the death penalty with immediate execution.