计划生育政策运行的利益基础、逻辑与转向

The Benefit Foundation,Logic and Turn of the Family Planning Policy

计划生育政策的实施逻辑是建立在调控与分配生理、经济与文化层面利益的基础上,从正向和负向两个方面对人们的生育行为进行提倡或抑制,从而追求国家层面利益的最大化。计划生育政策的利益转向,不应是由过去以惩罚为主的利益调配向惩罚与奖励并重的转向,而应是由限制性向鼓励性导向的根本性转变。计划生育政策的利益转向,配以我国特有的制度性优势,为我国跨越"低生育率陷阱"提供了可能。

The implementation logic of family planning policy is based on the regulation and distribution of physical,economic and cultural aspects of the interests to advocate or restrain people＇s reproductive behavior from positive and negative two aspects,thus pursuing the maximization of the national interests. The benefit shift of family planning policy should not be the change from interest allocation focused on punishment to the equal emphasis on punishment and reward,but the fundamental change from restriction to encouragement. The benefit shift of family planning policy,together with the unique institutional advantages of China,provides the possibility for China to cross the trap of ＂low fertility rate＂.