家庭农场发展的优势、不足与对策——基于安徽15个家庭农场的现实考察

The Advantages,Inadequacies and Countermeasures of the Development of Family Farm——Based on the Investigation of 15 Family Farms in Anhui Province

从《中央一号文件》到十三五规划,"家庭农场"这一集约化经营模式日益引起各方重视。十九大明确"第二轮承包到期后再延长三十年"的政策,无疑极大提振了农民经营家庭农场的信心。基于皖北、中、南三地15个家庭农场的调研,围绕家庭农场发展优势及存在不足,展开深度访谈。家庭农场的发展有助于实现农村和城市的双赢,但调查发现家庭农场发展存在经营者文化参差不齐、部分家庭农场注册不规范、发展程度不均衡、规模效应欠缺、政策传递效应较弱等问题。应以农民群体的经济利益为体,土地流转政策和科学技术支撑为翼,因地制宜走出一条"中国式"家庭农场可持续发展之路。

From the “No.1 Central Document” to the 13th Five-Year Plan, the “family farm” intensive business model has increasingly attracted the attention of all parties. The Nineteenth National Congress＇s policy of “an extension of the second round of contracting after the expiration of thirty years” undoubtedly greatly boosted the confidence of farmers operating family farms. This paper is based on researches of 15 family farms of three sites in North, Central, and South of Anhui Province, focusing on the advantages and disadvantages of family farms and conducted in-depth interviews. The development of family farms is helpful to achieve a win-win situation for both rural and urban areas. However, the survey found that family farmer development had a mixed family farmer culture, irregular registration of some family farms, and uneven development levels,inadequacy of mode effects and weak policy transmission effects. It should be based on the economic interests of the peasant groups, using land transfer policies and scientific and technological support as wings, thus stepping out a “Chinese-style” family rural sustainable development approach.