跨文化交际中汉英禁忌语的对比研究

The Comparative Study on Chinese and English Taboos in Cross-Cultural Communication

禁忌语不仅是一种语言现象,也是一种文化现象。中西方文化的差异导致了汉英禁忌语的不同,使其成为阻碍人们跨文化交际的一个重要因素。通过分析可以发现:汉英禁忌语在宗教神灵禁忌、猥亵性词语禁忌以及疾病与死亡禁忌这三个方面存在相同之处,而在姓名与称谓禁忌、数字禁忌、颜色禁忌以及隐私与话题禁忌这四个方面存在不同之处。为了减少语用失误,英语学习者应明确汉英禁忌语的异同,并适当运用委婉语来提高跨文化交际的能力。

Taboo is not only a linguistic phenomenon, but also a cultural phenomenon. The differences between Chinese and western cultures have caused the differences between Chinese and English taboos, making it an important factor hindering the smooth development of cross-cultural communication. From the analysis,it is found that Chinese and English taboos are similar in religious taboos, obscenity taboos, illness and death taboos,and different from name and appellation taboos, numerical taboos, color taboos, privacy and topic taboos. In order to reduce pragmatic errors, English learners should understand the similarities and differences between Chinese and English taboos, and use euphemism correctly to improve the ability of cross-cultural communication.