维持性血液透析患者便秘及相关因素分析

目的通过对维持性血液透析患者便秘情况的调查，探讨其影响因素。方法采用方便取样法，用自行设计的调查表对255例维持性血液透析患者便秘情况进行调查，分析其影响因素。结果255例血液透析患者发生便秘92例，其中轻度便秘64例、中度便秘23例、重度便秘5例。年龄、血清白蛋白水平、原发病、活动量均是其影响因素。结论维持性血液透析患者便秘发生率较高，尤其在老年及糖尿病肾病患者更为明显。透析前应进行充分评估，避免因便秘造成透析低血压及其它并发症的发生。

Objective To investigate the constipation in patients on maintenance hemodialysis, and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A total of 255 patients with maintenance hemodialysis were investigated with taking the convenient samples and a self-designed questionnaire about the symptoms and degrees of constipation. Results In these patients, 36 percent of maintenance hemodialysis patients suffered from different degree of constipation. The potential factors of constipation were old age, serum albumin level, protopathy, and activity involvement. Conclusions The incidence of constipation in maintenance hemodialysis patients is higher, especially in elderly patients and diabetic nephropathy patients. Adequate assessment should be made before dialysis to avoid hypotension and other complications due to constipation.