2-氨基-1-甲氧基丙烷的合成

Synthesis of 2-Amino-1-Methoxypropane

以外消旋2-氨基丙醇为初始原料,依次经过氨基保护,甲基化,氨基脱保护反应得到2-氨基-1-甲氧基丙烷。氨基保护反应时,苯甲醛与原料的摩尔比为1.1∶1,中间体2-苯亚甲基氨基-1-丙醇收率95.4%;甲基化反应时,最佳投料摩尔比为n(硫酸二甲酯)∶n(中间体2-苯亚甲基氨基-1-丙醇)∶n(氢氧化钠)为(1.3~1.4)∶1∶2,反应温度为15℃~20℃,甲基化产物收率98.1%;氨基脱保护反应,反应温度50℃,脱保护产物收率97.0%。目标产物经精馏纯化后气相检测纯度可达99.5%以上,并经过傅里叶红外光谱、磁核共振氢谱等分析手段进行了表征。合成路线简洁、保护剂可循环使用。

2-amino-1-methoxypropane was synthesized,with 2-aminopropanol as a starting material,by aminoprotection,methylation and deprotective reactions.First,the 2-benzylideneamino-1-propanol with the yield of 95.4%was obtained by amino-protected reaction with mole ratio 1.1∶1 of benzaldehyde to2-aminopropanol.Second,the products with the yield of 98.1%were prepared by methylation with mole ratio（1.3-1.4）/1/2 of dimethyl sulfate/2-benzylideneamino-1-propanol/sodium hydroxide at 15℃-20℃,and then the 2-amino-1-methoxypropane with the yield of 97.0%was synthesized by amino deprotective reaction at 50℃with 99.5%of purity after distillation.The product was further characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy.The present work shows that this synthetic route is simple and economical since the catalyst can be recycled.