以居住证制度取代城乡二元户籍制度的改革路径研究

A Study on the Reform Path for Residence Permit Replacing Urban-Rural Dual Household Registration System

我国城乡二元分割的户籍制度成为横亘在城乡之间的一道制度"鸿沟"。党的十九大提出乡村振兴战略,以推动城乡融合发展,重要的是让传统的城乡二元户籍制度退出历史舞台,在全国范围内全面实行统一的居住证制度。从总体看,传统二元户籍制度存在的历史因素已经发生了深刻变化,全面实施居住证制度的条件总体具备。为此,需要形成新的户籍制度改革路径,基本建立以身份证号为唯一标识、全国统一的居住证制度。

China＇s dual household registration system that divides rural areas from urban areas leaves ＂a great gap＂ between the two. Following the rural vitalization strategy stated in the report of the 19th CPC national congress, it is important that the long-practiced dual system of urban-rural household registration to be replaced by a unified system of residence permit countrywide so as to promote coordinated development of urban and rural areas. GeneraUy speaking, historical factors for keeping such a dual system have undergone tremendous changes while the conditions for implementing a residence permit system across the country are generally available. So, a new reform path for household registration system needs to be explored and a nationwide universal residence permit system based on citizens＇ ID number should be basically built up.