内蒙古传统发酵驼乳中乳酸菌和酵母菌的分离鉴定及其生物多样性分析

Isolation and Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Yeast and Biodiversity Analysis of Traditional Fermented Camel Milk in Inner Mongolia

采用传统培养方法对4份内蒙古阿拉善盟传统发酵驼乳样品中的乳酸菌和酵母菌进行分离纯化,运用16S rRNA基因序列分析方法进行种属鉴定,同时采用Pac Bio SMRT三代测序技术对样品中的细菌和真菌多样性进行研究。发酵驼乳中共分离到8株乳酸菌和5株酵母菌,乳酸菌包括1株胚芽乳杆菌、2株瑞士乳杆菌、2株嗜热链球菌、2株假肠膜明串珠菌和1株开菲尔基质乳杆菌。酵母菌包括1株马克斯克鲁维酵母、2株酿酒酵母、1株诞沫假丝酵母和1株芽殖酵母。Pac Bio SMRT测序结果显示,硬壁菌门为4份发酵驼乳样品中的优势细菌门,乳杆菌属为优势细菌属,以及瑞士乳杆菌为优势细菌种;子囊菌门为发酵驼乳样品中的优势真菌门,克鲁维酵母菌属为优势真菌属以及马克斯克鲁维酵母为优势真菌种。

In the present study, lactic acid bacteria（LAB） and yeast were isolated from 4 traditional fermented camel milk samples collected from Alxa League of Inner Mongolia using traditional pure culture method, and these isolates were identified by 16s rRNA gene sequences analysis. Meanwhile, Pac Bio single molecule real-time（SMRT） sequences technology was performed to assess the diversity of bacteria and fungus involved in these samples. A total of 8 LAB were isolated and identified based on 16 s r RNA gene sequences analysis, including Lactobacillus plantarum（1 strain）, Lactobacillus helveticus（2 strains）, Streptococcus thermophiles（2 strains）, Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides（2 strains） and Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens（1 strain）. 5 yeast strains were isolated, including Kluyveromyces marxianus（1 strain）, Saccharomyces cerevisiae（2 strains）, Candida zeylanoides（1 strain） and Saccharomyces castellii（1 strain）. Pac Bio SMRT results revealed that Firmicutes, Lactobacillus and Lactobacillus helveticus was the prevailing bacterial phylum,genus and specie, respectively. Moreover, Ascomycota, Kluyveromyces and Kluyveromyces marxianus was the dominant fungus phylum, genus and specie, respectively. The result demonstrates the complex diversity and composition of microbiota in traditional fermented camel milk of Inner Mongolia.