忆我国烧伤医学60年辉煌

Recalling the 60 years＇ glory of burn medicine in China

我国烧伤医学始于＂大跃进＂运动时期，以上海广慈医院（现上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院）成功抢救邱财康为标志。1962年＂大跃进＂运动隐退，第七军医大学西南医院（现陆军军医大学第一附属医院）等烧伤基地医务人员全面总结病例，形成一套独创、有效的烧伤治疗方案，提高了烧伤治疗水平。其时创用＂邮票状＂自、异体皮混合移植术，上海广慈医院创用＂大张异体皮开洞嵌植小片自体皮法＂，开展早期分批切痂植皮，提高了大面积深度烧伤的治愈水平，自此我国烧伤治愈率居世界之首。惜乎文化大革命骤起，我国烧伤医学发展停滞。1969年革命委员会成立后，我国烧伤医学才开始复苏。1978年后，我国烧伤医学再次腾飞，烧伤理论研究起步，开始是跟跑，20世纪90年代便能并跑，21世纪有不少领域如吸入性损伤、脓毒症、创面愈合机制等开始领跑。现在，我国烧伤临床治愈率稳居世界领先，烧伤理论研究也跻身世界先进行列。

Chinese burn medicine began in the ＂ Great Leap Forward＂ movement, with the mark of the successful rescue of Qiu Caikang in Guangci Hospital （now known as Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University）, Shanghai. With the fading of the ＂ Great Leap Forward＂ movement in 1962, medical staff of some burn bases such as Southwest Hospital of the Seventh Military Medical University （now known as the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University） made a comprehensive summary on burn treatment, forming a set of original effective treatment protocols, which led to the improvement of burn treatment level. The stamp-like auto-allo intermingled skin grafting was created during that period, followed by the creation of an approach called ＂ to embed small pieces of autogenic skin into the holes of a large sheet of allogenic skin＂ in Guangci Hospital, Shanghai. Owing to these approaches, the eschar of extensive burns was excised in multiple times, which led to the improvement of the cure level for extensive deep burn. Since then, the cure rate of burns of China continued to be the first in the world. Unfortunately, with the beginning of the ＂ Great Cultural Revolution＂ , the development of Chinese burn medicine was interrupted and stopped. With the founding of the ＂ Revolutionary Committee＂ in 1969, the Chinese burn medicine just started to recover. After 1978, the Chinese burn medicine began to rise rapidly again. Since then, the theoretic research on burns has been conducted in China, just as a follower at the beginning, and then as a runner in 1990s′, but as a leader in 2000s′ in some fields such as inhalation injury, sepsis, and wound healing, etc. At present, the clinical cure rate of burns in China is ranked in the leading position in the world, and the theoretical research on burns is also among the advanced ranks in the world.