南京国民政府时期省立大学国立化原因探究——基于组织变革的视角

Analysis on the Causes of the Nationalization of Provincial Universities in the Period of Nanjing National Government——From the Perspective of Organizational Change

省立大学国立化是南京国民政府时期高等教育发展中的一种现象,是指由省立大学变革为国立大学的过程。这一过程时间相对集中,但方式大相径庭。从组织变革的视角来看,省立大学国立化源于在变革压力面前不断削弱变革阻力:变革压力来自"混乱无序的办学环境"和"办学经费困境",变革阻力表现为省立大学、地方政府和中央政府之间的"讨价还价"。为削弱变革阻力,省立大学"让员工参与变革"并"得到上级的支持",教育部则采用"强制实行变革"的方式,助推省立大学国立化。

The nationalization of provincial universities was the process of provincial universities transforming to national universities, which was a phenomenon in the development of higher education in the period of Nanjing National Government. This process happened in the relatively concentrated period with different ways. From the perspective of organizational change, the cause of the nationalization of provincial universities was to weaken the resistance to change in the face of change pressure. The pressure of organizational change came from ＂the chaotic and disorderly running environment＂ and ＂the funding difficulties＂. The resistance of organizational change showed ＂the bargaining＂ between provincial universities, local governments and the central government. In order to reduce the resistance to change, the provincial universities adopted the way of ＂encouraging employees to participate in change＂ and ＂getting the support of superior＂, while the Ministry of Education adopted the ＂compulsory reform＂ way to boost provincial university nationalization.