特重度烧伤患者康复期家庭照护者生活质量现状及其影响因素研究

Study on the correlation of quality of life for family caregivers of patients with extremely severe burns during rehabilitation period

目的探讨特重度烧伤患者康复期家庭照护者生活质量的现状及影响因素。方法选取北京市3所三级甲等医院烧伤科住院的172例危重患者的长期照护者作为研究对象,1年后对其进行随访。结果照护者健康调查简表的生理功能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、总体健康、活力、社会功能、情感职能和精神健康8个维度的得分分别为(51.31±26.11)分、(43.13±25.15)分、(51.75±27.23)分、(65.75±29.07)分、(59.19±32.42)分、(49.53±28.92)分、(53.33±25.21)分、(58.05±29.01)分,生活质量总分为(80.25±32.63)分。照护者的年龄、文化程度、主要负担来源、患者的生活自理能力对其生活质量影响的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论危重烧伤患者照护者的生理和心理健康都有不同程度的受损,需要照护者建立自我调控和实施健康计划行动,护理人员可通过健康宣教、技能培训和延伸护理,帮助照护者提高生存质量。

Objective To explore the status quo and influencing factors of quality of life for family caregivers of patients with extremely severe bums during rehabilitation period,and put forward feasible nursing plan. Methods From three tertiary hospitals in Beijing,172 long-term family caregivers of hospitalized critically ill patients in department of burn injuries were recruited and followed up after one year. Results The scores of the eight dimensions including PF,RP,BP,GH,VT,SF,RE and MH were 51.31 ±26.11,43.13 ±25.15,51.75 ±27.23,65.75 ±29.07,59.19 ± 32.42,49.53±28.92,53.33±25.21,58.05±29.01,respectively,and the overall score was 80.25±32.63. Caregiver＇s age, educational level,main source of burden,patient self-care ability,had significant impacts on their quality of life（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The rehabilitation of critically ill patients with burns is a long-term process. The physical and mental health of caregivers are damaged to varying degrees. It is necessary for the caregivers to establish self-regulation and implement health plan activities,and nurses can help the caregivers improve their quality of life through health education,ski/is training and extended care.