心肌梗死患者重返工作岗位后心理体验的研究

A qualitative study on psychological experience of patients with myocardial infarction after returning to work

目的了解心肌梗死患者重返工作岗位后的真实体验,明确患者应对中的实际问题和困难,以期制订针对性的干预措施。方法采用质性研究中的现象学研究法,对16例已重返工作岗位的心肌梗死患者进行半结构式访谈,以Colaizzi 7步法对访谈内容进行整理分析。结果心肌梗死患者重返工作岗位后的体验可归纳为3个主题:(1)心肌梗死患者重返工作岗位后面临诸多问题;(2)重返工作岗位后患者成功应对各种问题的经验丰富;(3)影响心肌梗死患者重返工作岗位的因素较多。结论心肌梗死患者重返工作岗位后面对疾病管理、生活方式改变和工作压力,应对能力缺失是患者面临的重要问题,了解患者在生活和工作中的应对体验、经验和影响应对的因素,可为提高患者的应对能力及制订针对性的干预措施提供参考依据。

Objective To further understand the real experience of patients with myocardial infarction after returning to work,and to elarify the practical problems and difficulties,in order to develop targeted interventions. Methods The phenomenologieal methodology in qualitative research was used in the study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in 16 patients who had returned to work. Data were analyzed by Colaizzi＇s phenomenological procedure. Results The experience of patients with myocardial infarction who had returned to work was categorized into 3 themes： 1.There were still many problems for patients with myocardial infarction who had returned to work;2. Experience of successfully coping with all kinds of problems for patients after returning to work;3.Factors affecting the coping ability of patients with myocardial infarction after returning to work. Conclusion In the face of disease management,lifestyle changes and work pressure in patients with myocardial infarction after returning to work,lack of coping ability is an important problem for patients. Exploring patients＇ feelings,experience and influencing factors in life and work can improve patients＇ coping ability and provide theoretical basis for the targeted interventions.