某后独立悬架硬点坐标的多目标优化

Research on Multi-objective Optimization of Hard Points of the Independent Suspension

基于悬架结构特点和空间解析几何方法,根据连接硬点建立梯形多连杆独立悬架的运动学理论模型和虚拟样机模型,对比分析悬架的运动特性,确定了待优化的设计目标。然后利用Adams/Insight模块分析硬点坐标的灵敏度,确定了优化问题的设计变量。分别采用基于虚拟样机模型的DOE试验优化设计、基于理论数学模型的多目标遗传算法和基于响应面近似模型的多目标遗传算法处理悬架多变量多目标优化问题,对比分析了它们的优化精度和在后悬优化问题上的应用特点,确定了最佳硬点调整方案,使后轮前束角、外倾角和单侧车轮跨距变化量的变化范围分别减小了62.5%、30.8%和11.8%。

In this paper,the kinematic theory model and the virtual prototype model of the trapezoidal multi-link independent suspension was established according to the connection hard points based on the structure and space agency kinematics,and the ptimization target was indicated by contrast kinematic characteristics. And the variables was determined by using the software of Adams/Insight. The DOE test design optimization based on the virtual prototype model,the multi-objective genetic algorithm based on the theoretical model and the multi-objective genetic algorithm based on RSM approximation model were used to solve the multi-objective optimization. Their optimization accuracy and application characteristics on the rear suspension optimization problem were analyzed,and the optimal hard point adjustment scheme was determined so that the variation range of the toe angle,camber angle and wheel track was reduced by 63.1%,29.8% and 10.9% respectively.