2013-2016年北京市顺义区副溶血性弧菌感染性腹泻流行特征分析

Epidemiological Characteristics of Vibrio Parahaemolyticus Isolates From Infectious Diarrhea Patients in Shunyi District of Beijing From 2013 to 2016

目的了解北京市顺义区2013-2016年腹泻病例中副溶血性弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus,VP)的流行特征,为防控工作提供依据。方法收集2013-06/2016-05顺义区2家哨点医院肠道门诊腹泻病例标本进行VP检测,结合病例流行病学和临床资料,分析VP病例的临床症状、时间、人群、职业和可疑感染食品分布。结果 3年间,VP阳性检出率为4.42%(48/1 087);症状以腹泻、腹痛、水样便居多;VP病例好发于夏季,3年的检出高峰均在8月,10月至次年4月未检出;男女VP阳性检出率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=1.71,P=0.19);VP病例以16~30岁的青壮年居多,职业以干部职员居多;可疑感染食品多为蔬菜及其制品。结论北京市顺义区副溶血性弧菌感染引起的腹泻病于夏季高发,青壮年发病较多,蔬菜及其制品为重要的可疑感染食品,应加强夏季的防控工作。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus（ VP） isolates from diarrhea patients in Shunyi District of Beijing from 2013 to 2016 and provide evidence for disease prevention and control. Methods Specimens were collected from the diarrhea patients treated in two sentinel hospitals through June 2013 to May 2016. VP test was performed on the specimens. Clinical symptoms,occurrence time, populations, occupations of VP cases and distribution of suspected infected food were analyzed,with epidemiological and clinical data of the cases taken into account. Results The positive rate of VP was 4. 42%（ 48/1 087） over the three years. Most of the VP patients suffered from diarrhea,abdominal pain and watery stool. The positive detectable rate of VP was higher in summer than other seasons. In all of the three years,the peak was in August and there were no VP cases from October through April each year. No statistically significant difference was found between males and females in terms of positive VP rate（ χ^2= 1. 71,P = 0. 19）. The majority of VP patients were young people aged between 16 and 30 years,office clerks accounted for the greatest proportion. VP patients were mostly infected by vegetables and vegetable products.Conclusion Diarrhea caused by VP is prevalent in summer and most patients are young adults in Shunyi District of Beijing. Vegetables and their products are the top infection source. Prevention and control work should be enhanced in summer.