2017年陕西省铜川市居民生活饮用水碘含量监测结果分析

Monitoring Results of Iodine Content in Drinking Water of Tongchuan City in 2017

目的调查铜川市生活饮用水中碘含量及分布情况,为政府制定和完善防治碘缺乏病政策提供科学依据。方法2017年,以乡(镇、街道办事处)为单位,若该乡是集中供水则采集末梢水1份,并进行平行样检测,计算平均值(采样法1);若该乡是分散供水,在东西南北中5个方位随机抽取一个行政村,在每个村东西南北中5个方位随机抽取1口井,检测水碘浓度(采样法2);若该乡是部分集中供水,在东西南北中5个方位随机抽取1个行政村,集中供水村同采样法1,分散供水村同采样法2。结果本次调查覆盖全市38个乡(镇、街道办),共采集水样210份,水碘值范围是0.2~42.9μg/L,乡镇水碘中位数范围是0.2~15.9 ug/L。水碘中位数<10μg/L的乡镇数为37个,占比97.4%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在不同供水方式统计中,井水采样47份,泉水采样26份,窖水采样25份,插管井采样6份,集中供水占比50.5%,水样水碘值<10μg/L比例是91.9%。不同类型水样碘含量中位数均<10μg/L,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论再次证明铜川市地属碘缺乏地区,居民生活饮用水碘分布较均匀。应长期坚持实行全民食盐加碘预防碘缺乏病的政策。

Objective To survey the drinking water iodine contents and its distribution status in Tongchuan city,soas to provide scientific basis for the government to formulate and perfect policies to prevent and control iodine deficiency disorders（ IDD）. Methods Used village（ town,sub-district office） as a unit,if the township was centralized water supply,one sample of tap water was collected,and parallel samples were detected to calculate the average value（ sampling method 1）; if the township was dispersed water supply,administrative villages was selected respectively from 5 orientations（ the east,west,south,north and center）,in each village,one well was selected respectively from 5 orientations（ the east,west,south,north and center）,detected of water iodine concentration（ sampling method 2）; if the township was part of the centralized water supply,selected one administrative villages randomly from 5 orientations（ the east,west,south,north and center）,centralized water supply village adopted sampling method 1,dispersed water supply village adopted sampling method 2.Results The survey covered 38 townships of the city,totally got 210 water samples,water iodine values were in the range of 0. 2 ～ 42. 9 ug/L,the medians of water iodine were in the range of 0. 2 ～ 15. 9 μg/L. There were37 townships their median water iodine concentration was under 10 μg/L,accounting for 97. 4%,there was no statistically significant difference（ P〉0. 05）. The statistics on the different water supply,47 samples of wells,26 samples of springs,25 samples of cellars,6 samples of intubation well,centralized water supply accounted for 50. 5%. The ratio of water that iodine concentration under 10 μg/L was 91. 9%. In different types of water,the medians were all less than 10 μg/L,there was no statistically significant difference（ P〉0. 05）.Conclusion Once again,it was proved that Tongchuan city was in the iodine deficiency area,the iodine content in residents＇ drinking water was distributed averagely. We should adhere to the policy that implementation of universal salt iodization to prevent iodine deficiency disease.