激烈竞争下的博弈：对美国名校招生制度异化的分析与思考

Admission to Elite Colleges and Universities in the U.S.:Fierce Competition and Institutional Alienation

高等教育大众化带给招生制度前所未有的压力,人才选拔问题日渐突出。考生、家长、大学在激烈的招生竞争中相互博弈一定程度上造成招生制度异化。美国的招生异化突出表现在对于高分学生的青睐、追求高注册率与低录取率以及存在制度内的合法腐败、挤出效应等。探讨美国名校招生制度中的异化现状及原因,有助于理性学习其制度优势:贴近大学价值内涵,回归人才培养初衷;审慎借鉴国外制度,营造温厚舆论环境;规避招生异化选材伤害,探索自身招生路径。

In the U. S. today,the massification of higher education has made admission to elite colleges and universities increasing competitive and brought about plenty of problems,such as obsession with test scores,widespread"legalized"corruption,crowding out on campus,as well as rising number of applications but lower admission rates. Drawing lessons from the institutional alienation of U. S.admission system,we should emphasize the university's primary role of cultivating talents,remain open to ideas or suggestions from different stakeholders so as to reduce bias and arbitrariness in college and university admission in China.