1362例65岁及以上老年人群舌象调查分析

Investigation and analysis of tongue manifestation in 1 362 elderly people aged 65 and over

目的:分析65岁及以上老年人舌象特征并探讨干预对策。方法:采集新疆建设兵团第四师六十二团医院2015年5月至9月体检的1 362例65岁及以上老年人舌象信息,进行统计分析。结果:舌色以红舌检出率最高,不同年龄层次的黯淡舌、绛舌及青舌组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),青舌有随年龄增大而增多趋势(P<0.017)。女性淡红舌较男性多、男性绛舌、紫舌及青舌较女性多(P<0.05)。总体舌形以瘦薄舌检出率最高,不同年龄层次的老舌、瘦薄舌及齿痕舌组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),齿痕舌有随年龄增大而减少趋势,老舌有随年龄增大而增多趋势(P<0.017)。男性的老舌及肿胀舌较女性多,女性的瘦薄舌及点刺舌较男性多(P<0.05)。病态苔质以燥苔检出率最高,男性的润苔、厚苔、腻苔及腐苔较女性多,女性的薄苔、光剥苔较男性多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:气血阴液不足是老年病发病基础,瘀血和痰浊是老年病重要致病因素和病理产物;老年女性偏向气血阴液不足,老年男性偏向瘀血和痰浊。老年人养生、防病和治病中注重补气血阴液,女性偏向补气血,男性偏向化痰瘀。

Objective： To analyze the characteristics of tongue manifestation in the elderly and discuss the intervention countermeasures. Methods： The tongue manifestation information of l 362 elderly people aged 65 and over from May to September in 2015 in our hospital was collected for statistical analysis. Results： The main tongue color was red tongue. There were statistical differences in different ages of the dim tongue, deep red tongue and blue tongue （P〈0.05）. Deep red tongue and blue tongue showed an increased tendency with the increase of age （P〈0.017）. The ratio of pink tongue in the female group was higher than that of the male group, the ratio of the deep red tongue, purplish tongue and blue purplish tongue in male group was higher than that of female group （P〈0.05）. The main tongue shape was thin tongue. There were statistical differences in different ages of the thin tongue, tough tongue and tooth-printed tongue （P〈0.05）. The tooth-printed tongue had a tendency to decrease with age, and the tough tongue had a tendency to increase with age （P〈0.017）. The ratio of the tough tongue and swollen tongue in the male group was higher than that of the female group, the ratio of thin tongue in the female group was higher than that of the male group （P〈0.05）. The main fur character was dry fur. The ratio of moist fur, thick fur, greasy fur and curdy fur in the male group was higher than that of the female group, the ratio of thin fur, dry fur, and eroded fur in the female group was higher than that of the male group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Deficiency of qi, blood, yin, and fluid is the basis of senile diseases. Blood stasis and phlegm are important pathogenic factors of senile diseases and pathological products. Elderly women tend to be deficient in qi, blood, yin, and fluid, and elderly men are partial to blood stasis and phlegm. In the elderly health care, disease prevention and treatment, attention should be paid to replenishing qi, blood and yin and fluid. In terms of treatment, the female should be paid attention to benefiting qi and nourishing blood and male should be paid attention to eliminating phlegm and removing blood stasis.