病例分析在心内科护理本科实习带教中的应用

Application of case analysis in clinical practice teaching for cardiology nursing undergraduates

目的．探讨实施病例分析在心内科临床护理实习带教中的效果。方法选取2015年7月至2017年5月在心内科实习的48名护理本科生作为实验组，以2013年7月至2015年6月在心内科实习的50名护理本科实习生作为对照组。对照组采用小讲课的方式，向学生讲解疾病的护理评估、诊断及护理措施；实验组采用先组织学生选择心脏内科常见病种典型病例，充分评估并收集该患者的病情资料，再自行收集该病种的评估、诊疗、护理理论知识，结合该病例进行对照分析。此后学生需在管理其他患者时应用此法进行学习，由带教教师抽查指导。比较两组学生出科理论成绩、整体护理考核成绩，并对实验组学生进行问卷调查，评估学生对病例分析的接受程度。采用SPSS 22．0进行t检验。结果实验组学生在理论考试成绩[（81．70±3．22）vs．（75．63±3．01）]及整体护理考核成绩[（91．93±3．07）VS．（84．27±3．08）]方面优于对照组，差异有统计学意义。问卷调查显示，实验组学生对病例分析法接受度高。结论病例分析能够更好地帮助实习护生将理论知识与临床实践紧密的结合起来，加深对理论知识的理解，灵活应用于临床。并且提高学生评判性思维的能力。

Objectives To explore the effect of case analysis method in clinical nursing practice teaching of cardiology diseases. Methods 48 nursing undergraduates in cardiology department from July 2015 to May 2017 were selected into experimental group and 50 nursing undergraduates from July 2013 to June 2015 in cardiology department were retrospectively divided into control group. The control group adopted small lectures to explain the nursing assessment, diagnosis and nursing measures to the students. In experimental group, case analysis method was applied into nursing practice teaching, which concluded guid- ing group students to choose common kinds of typical cases firstly, collecting the patient＇s information, reviewing nursing assessment, diagnosis and intervention of the selected disease, and finally comparing cases with theoretical knowledge. After that, group students should apply case analysis method to clinical nursing practice under the guidance of teachers. Finally, academic performance, overall nursing assessment, and acceptance of the case analysis method in the above two groups were compared. Results The results of experimental group in academic performance [（81.70± 3.22） vs. （75.63 ± 3.01）] and in overall nursing exam- ination [（91.93± 3.07） vs. （84.27 ± 3.08）] were significantly superior to control group. Meanwhile, the exper- imental group students showed higher acceptance of case analysis method. Conclusion Case analysis method can help nursing undergraduates to combine theoretical knowledge and clinical practice better, make deeper understanding of theoretical knowledge, apply it in clinical practice neatly, and improve students＇ ability of critical thinking.