甘蔗渣炭基固体酸的制备及催化合成乙酸甲酯研究

Preparation of Solid Acid Catalyst from Bagasse and Catalytic Performance in Esterification of Methyl Acetate

以甘蔗渣为原料通过炭化-磺化的方法制备了甘蔗渣炭基固体酸,探讨了制备工艺条件对固体酸催化剂性能的影响。以正交实验对酯化反应温度、固体酸加入量、酸醇物质的量比、反应时间等影响合成乙酸甲酯的因素进行了优化,并考察了催化剂的稳定性。实验结果表明,制备固体酸催化剂较合理的条件为：炭化温度300℃,炭化时间2.0 h,磺化温度90℃,磺化时间8.0 h。正交实验结果表明,在催化剂用量为乙酸质量的3%、酯化反应时间为2.5 h、n（乙酸）∶n（甲醇）=1∶3、酯化反应温度为65℃的条件下,乙酸转化率为86.5%,且催化剂的稳定性良好,可循环使用7次。该研究结果为乙酸甲酯的合成提供了一种新型催化剂。

A solid acid catalyst was prepared via cooperated carbonization with sulfonation bagasse,and the prepared condition affected solid acid performance were investigated.The conditions affected the synthesis of methyl acetate including reaction time,reaction temperature,acid and methanol mole ratio and catalyst adding amount were investigated by orthogonal test,and catalyst stability was also studied.The optimum conditions of prepared solid acid catalyst were carbonization temperature 300 ℃,carbonization time 2. 0 h,sulfonation temperature 90 ℃,sulfonation time 8. 0 h,respectively.Orthogonal test results showed that acetic acid conversion was 86. 5% under conditions of molar ratio of acid to methanol 1 ∶3,reaction time 2. 5 h,reaction temperature 65 ℃,catalyst adding amount was 3% of the acid mass,respectively. The catalytic performance maintain stability after being used 7 times.The results provide a new type of catalyst for the synthesis of methyl acetate.