热解焦粉制备柱状活性炭及其结构性能

Preparation and Structure Characteristic of Columnar Activated Carbon Prepared by Pyrolysis Coke Powder

以高温热解煤化工生产线产生的焦粉为原料,采用物理化学活化法、炭化活化一体化工艺技术,在氮气气氛的回转炉中进行高温炭化活化,制备出强度为94%,比表面积为1016 m2/g的煤质柱状活性炭。利用全自动比表面积及孔隙度分析仪分析了活性炭的氮气吸脱附曲线及孔结构特性。经检测,该活性炭孔容为0.51m L/g,碘吸附值为907 mg/g。同时比较了其炭化料和活化料在微观表面形貌中的特点,结果显示活化料中的孔洞类型和结构明显比炭化料中的丰富。在XRD测试分析中,活性炭中的晶态碳原子相比原料和炭化料逐渐呈现出非晶态转变。傅里叶变换红外光谱分析结果显示,活性炭中主要含有-OH、C-O-C和苯环等官能团,相较原料,其他官能团在活化时都转化成了CO_2、H_2O等小分子物质。

To use the coke powder produced by high temperature pyrolysis of coal chemical production as raw material, the columnar activated carbon, 94% drum strength and 1016 m2/g specific surface area, was derived via the carbonization and activation integration process technology in rotary furnace filled with nitrogen atmosphere by physical and chemical activation method. The full automatic specific surface area and porosity analyzer was used to analyze the nitrogen adsorption/desorption curves and pore structure of the columnar activated carbon. The detection results were evidently demonstrated that the pore volume was 0.51ml/g and the iodine adsorption value was 907 mg/g. Meanwhile, the micro surface morphology characteristics of the carbonization and activation were observed. The measurement was shown that there were more massive types and structures of pore in activation than carbonization. Compared with the raw material and the carbonization, the crystalline carbon atoms were gradually changed into amorphous state atoms in activated carbon in X-ray diffraction test. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis results showed that there were -OH, C-O-C, and phenyl groups in activated carbon, compared with the raw material, other functional groups were transformed into CO2, H20 and other small molecules during activation.