基于对外运输系统的内部运输社会福利最大的多港口地区港口整合方法研究

Port integration method in multi-port regions with maximizing the internal transport social welfare of external transport system

从封闭区域以港口为节点的对外运输系统（以下简称外运系统）的内部运输社会福利最大的角度，研究多港口地区的港口整合问题．首先，分析外运系统的内部运输社会福利最大的经济学原理，提出衡量外运系统的内部运输社会福利的内部成本计算方法；其次，比较不同港口群规模下的内部成本，以确定封闭多港口地区的最适港口群规模．然后，针对多港口地区港口供给过剩的状况，提出港口多期投资和资产闲置的整合方法．最后，以东北地区为实证研究对象，研究其实质性港口整合问题．研究成果对多港口地区的港口资源整合和协同运营具有重要的实践价值和理论意义．

The port integration problem in multi-port regions is studied from the perspective of maximizing the internal transport social welfare of the external transport system of a closed region in which the gateway ports are regarded as transport hubs. First, the economic principle for maximizing the social welfare is analyzed and a method to calculate the internal cost, which used to measure the internal transport social welfare of the external transport system, is proposed. Second, the optimal scale of port group in a multi- port region is determined through comparing the internal transport cost of different scale of port group. And then an integration method with multi-period investment and asset idling is proposed for excess port capacity in multi-port regions. Last, the Northeast China is selected for empirical study and its main port integration problem is investigated. Our research results should have important practical value and theoretical significance on port resources integration and cooperative operation in multi-port regions.