基于生态足迹模型的川西北沙化地区生态补偿量化研究

A QUANTITATIVE STUDAY ON THE ECOLOGICAL COMPENSATION STANDARD IN THE DESERTIFIED AREA OF NORTHWEST SICHUAN BASED ON ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT MODEL

[目的]环境恶化,尤其是土壤沙化,已经严重制约了川西北地区的经济发展。对川西北沙化地区的生态补偿进行量化,有助于了解当地资源环境现状,对今后社会经济的发展提出可行性建议,以期实现资源环境与社会经济的协同发展。[方法]采用生态足迹模型,全面统计该地区主要消费品人均消费量,计算人均生态足迹。依据各生产性土地的面积数据,通过产量因子和均衡因子参数测算该地区的人均生态容量。在此基础上,依据生态服务价值理论,对川西北沙化地区2011~2015年的生态补偿进行了量化。[结果]该地区2011~2013年人均生态足迹呈上升趋势,2013~2015年呈下降趋势。2011~2015年人均生态容量明显降低。总体来看,该地区尚处于生态盈余状态,生态状况良好,但生态盈余额逐年减少。[结论]该地区今后需要从降低人均生态足迹和缓解生态容量降低的趋势入手,不断提高资源的利用效率,增强当地居民的节约意识,努力开发可再生资源,以维持川西北沙化地区资源环境和社会经济的可持续发展。

The deterioration of the environment,especially the desertification of the soil,has severely restricted the economic development of the northwestern Sichuan region. To quantify the ecological compensation in the desertification area of northwestern Sichuan Province is helpful to understand the current situation of local resources and environment,and put forward feasible suggestions for the future development of social economy,these might realize the coordinated development of resources,environment and social economy. The ecological footprint model was used to comprehensively calculate the per capita consumption of major consumer goods in the region and calculate the per capita ecological footprint. Based on the area data of each productive land,the per capita ecological capacity of the area is estimated by using the production factor and the equilibrium factor parameters. On this basis,based on the ecological service value theory,the ecological compensation for the 2011-2015 year in the northwestern Sichuan Basin was quantified. The per capita ecological footprint of the region in the period from 2011 to 2013 showed an upward trend,and declined from 2013 to 2015. From 2011 to 2015,the per capita ecological capacity decreased significantly. On the whole,the region is still in an ecological surplus,and its ecological condition is good,but the balance of ecological surplus has decreased year by year. In the future,the region will need to reduce the per capita ecological footprint and reduce the decline in ecological capacity,continuously improve the efficiency of resource use,increase the awareness of local residents in conservation,and strive to develop renewable resources in order to maintain the sustainable development of resource,environment,and socio-economic conditions in the desertification region of northwestern Sichuan.