1990～2014年我国农村金融效率测算及分析

CALCULATION AND ANALYSIS OF RURAL FINANCIAL EFFICIENCY IN CHINA FROM 1990 TO 2014

[目的]立足于我国农村发展和金融资源利用现状,探究1990~2014年我国农村的金融效率,为我国农业金融资源的合理使用和农村经济的协调发展提供一些思考和建议,探索更好的农业经济发展道路。[方法]文章采用统计数据分析法、文献分析法及数据包络分析法(DEA法)。搜集1990~2014年我国农村金融发展有关的数据,基于DEA方法,通过构建CCR和BCC模型,最终得到我国农业金融效率值。[结果]1990~2014年,我国农村金融综合效率值在0.4~1.0之间,呈现小幅度波动局面。其中,1990年、1999年、2000年、2002年、2008年综合效率值较低,分别为0.44、0.56、0.52、0.52和0.56。2008年之后,尤其从2010年开始,农村金融效率不断提升且最终维持在一个比较平稳的状态,金融综合效率值保持在1.00左右的水平。另外,1990~1995年我国农村金融技术效率值均小于或等于其规模效率值;1995年之后,我国农村金融技术效率值均大于或等于其规模效率值。1990~2014年有超过60.00%的年份农村金融效率达到有效水平。[结论]我国现阶段农村金融效率除去个别年份波动较大外,一直处于较高的发展水平;深化农村金融改革、促进农村金融效率最大化是今后的发展方向。

Based on the present situation of rural development and the utilization of financial resources in China,this paper explored the financial efficiency of rural areas in China from 1990 to 2014,provided some thoughts and suggestions for the rational use of agricultural financial resources and the coordinated development of rural economy in China,and explored the better path of agricultural economic development. This paper used the statistical data analysis method,the literature analysis method and the data envelopment analysis method（ DEA method） to analysis data. First,we collected the data about the rural financial development in China from 1990 to 2014. Based on the DEA method,then,by constructing CCR and BCC model,we got the financial efficiency. The results showed that from 1990 to 2014,the comprehensive efficiency of rural finance in China was showing a slight fluctuation between 0. 4 and 1. 0. Among them,the comprehensive efficiency values in 1990,1999,2000,2002 and 2008 were 0. 44,0. 56,0. 52,0. 52 and 0. 66,respectively. After 2008,especially from 2010 onwards,rural financial efficiency improved and ultimately maintained were in a relatively stable state. The financial efficiency of the integrated value remained was at around 1. 00 level. In addition,from 1990 to 1995,China＇ s rural financial technology efficiency values were less than or equal to their scale efficiency value; after 1995,China＇s rural financial technology efficiency values were greater than or equal to their scale efficiency value. From 1990 to 2014,more than 60. 00% of the year＇s rural financial efficiency reached the effective level. From 1990 to 2014,China＇ s rural financial efficiency was at a high level of development. The future government should improve the importance of rural finance,deepen the reform of rural finance,and promote the efficiency of rural finance to maximize.