自主研发、技术引进与制造业国内技术含量

Indigenous R&D,technology import and domestic technological content of the manufacturing industry

本文利用中国的投入产出表测算了制造业总体及16个细分行业1992-2012年的国内技术含量和垂直专业化指数,结果表明国内技术含量呈现逐年增长的态势,垂直专业化指数不断提高,制造业融入垂直专业化分工的程度不断加深。进一步利用系统GMM实证分析了国内技术含量的影响因素,研究发现:(1)国内自主研发、国外技术引进、外国直接投资、进口贸易能够有效促进国内技术含量的提升,并且国内自主研发的作用要大于其他几个变量。(2)过度嵌入垂直专业化会造成"低端锁定"效应,不利于国内技术含量的提升。(3)强大的人力资本是技术进步的重要保障,能够有效的促进国内技术含量的提升。

Using Chinese input-output table,this paper calculated the domestic technological content（DTC） and the share of vertical specialization（VSS） of the manufacturing industry as well as 16 industrial sectors from 1992 to 2012.The results show that the DTC of the manufacturing industry and 16 industrial sectors increased gradually with time,the VSS of the manufacturing industry and 16 industrial sectors increased gradually which indicates that Chinese participation in vertical specialization is getting deeper.Using the system GMM method,we make a further empirical study of the influencing factors of DTC.The results show that（1） indigenous RD,foreign technology import,FDI as well as import trade has positively promoted DTC,and the effect of indigenous RD is greater than the other three factors;（2） over-embedded in vertical specialization can cause ＂low-end locked＂effect which is bad for promotion of DHT; and（3） human resource plays a very important role in technical progress,which has obvious positive promotion on DHT.