龙葵果生物碱均匀设计超声提取研究

Study on ultrasonic extraction of alkaloids from Solanum nigrum L

为进一步提高从野生龙葵果中提取主要次级代谢产物生物碱的得率,试验采用料液比、提取剂浓度、超声时间、提取温度为单因子设计单因素试验,比色法测定其生物碱含量,在单因素基础上采取料液比、乙醇浓度、提取时间和提取温度四个主要因素进行四因素五水平均匀设计进行优化,以生物碱得率为评价指标。结果表明野生龙葵果中生物碱的最佳提取工艺为:单因素下料液比为1∶10、乙醇浓度为95%、超声时间为25min、提取温度为30℃下为提取率较高;四因素五水平均匀设计下料液比为1∶30,乙醇浓度为99%,超声时间为10min,提取温度为25℃为优化组合。

To improve the extraction rate of alkaloids from the main secondary metabolite from the wild Solanum nigrum Lfruit,the single factor test was used to determine the alkaloid content by colorimetric method.Four factors and five levels of uniform design were optimized on the basis of single factors,such as the ratio of material to liquid,the concentration of ethanol,the extraction time and the extraction temperature,and the alkaloid yield was used as the evaluation index.The results showed that the best extraction technology of alkaloids in wild Solanum nigrum L.material ratio was 1∶10,the concentration of ethanol was 95%,the ultrasonic time was 25 min,and the extraction temperature was 30 ℃.The uniform design of the four factors and five levels showed that the material ratio was 1∶30,the concentration of ethanol was 99%,the ultrasonic time was 10 min,and the extraction temperature was25 ℃ as the optimal combination.