丹江口水库动库容估算及其变化

Evaluation and change of Danjiangkou Reservoir dynamic capacity

丹江口水库库容的动态变化研究,对保障中线工程调水有重要意义.针对丹江口水库库容实测复杂、短期波动明显的问题,选用Landsat和HJ卫星数据,结合库区数字高程模型(DEM)数据,构建了动库容提取的新方法,提取了水库2000-2016年逐月库容动态信息,分析了引起库容动态变化的影响因素及其对调水的影响.结果表明:在研究期间,丹江口水库最大库容为192.16亿m^3,最小库容为79.74亿m^3,平均库容为112.04亿m^3;南水北调中线一期工程通水后,丹江口水库库容呈逐步增加趋势;从月际平均库容来看,5-10月逐渐增大,10-12月呈波动变化,12月至次年5月逐渐减小.周期性的人为调蓄和气候变化是库容变化的驱动力;在合理调度水库水量下,丹江口水库可满足一期调水需要.

Dynamics of storage capacity of the Danjiangkou Reservoir have important significance to guarantee water diversion middle route project. Aiming at the problems of complexity in measurement and short-term fluctuation in capacity in Danjiangkou Reservoir, we chose remote sensing data of Landsat series and HJ-1 A/B, and DEM data,constructing a new method for extraction of dynamic storage capacity, extracting the monthly dynamic information of reservoir capacity in 2000-2016. We analyzed the factors that caused the dynamic change of storage capacity and its impacts on water diversion. The results showed that, in the past 17 years,the largest reservoir capacity of Danjiangkou was 19.216 billion m3 and the minimum was 7.974 billion m3,with an average of 11.204 billion m3. After the first phase of the middle route of south-to-north water transfer, the storage capacity of Danjiangkou Reservoir had been gradually increased. In terms of the monthly averages,the capacity from May to October increased gradually, from October through December showed fluctuate change, and decreased gradually from December to next May. The cyclical artificial storage and climate change were the driving forces for the changes of the storage capacity. The Danjiangkou Reservoir could meet the need for water transfer under the reasonable dispatching of the reservoir water.